Smoking may increase the risk of hospitalization due to influenza.
Identifieur interne : 000130 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000129; suivant : 000131Smoking may increase the risk of hospitalization due to influenza.
Auteurs : Pere Godoy [Autriche, Espagne] ; Jesús Castilla [Espagne] ; José María Mayoral [Espagne] ; Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez [Espagne] ; Vicente Martín [Espagne] ; Jenaro Astray [Espagne] ; Núria Soldevila [Espagne] ; Fernando González-Candelas [Espagne] ; Ady Castro [Espagne] ; Maretva Baricot [Espagne] ; Sonia Tamames [Espagne] ; Jordi Alonso [Espagne] ; Juan C. Galán [Espagne] ; José María Quintana [Espagne] ; Tomás Pumarola [Espagne] ; Angela Domínguez [Espagne]Source :
- European journal of public health [ 1464-360X ] ; 2016.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adolescent (MeSH), Adulte (MeSH), Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH), Espagne (épidémiologie), Facteurs de risque (MeSH), Femelle (MeSH), Fumer (effets indésirables), Grippe humaine (thérapie), Grippe humaine (épidémiologie), Grippe humaine (étiologie), Hospitalisation (statistiques et données numériques), Humains (MeSH), Jeune adulte (MeSH), Mâle (MeSH), Odds ratio (MeSH), Prévalence (MeSH), Sujet âgé (MeSH), Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus (MeSH), Études cas-témoins (MeSH).
- MESH :
- effets indésirables : Fumer.
- statistiques et données numériques : Hospitalisation.
- thérapie : Grippe humaine.
- épidémiologie : Espagne, Grippe humaine.
- étiologie : Grippe humaine.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Facteurs de risque, Femelle, Humains, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Odds ratio, Prévalence, Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus, Études cas-témoins.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent (MeSH), Adult (MeSH), Aged (MeSH), Aged, 80 and over (MeSH), Case-Control Studies (MeSH), Female (MeSH), Hospitalization (statistics & numerical data), Humans (MeSH), Influenza, Human (epidemiology), Influenza, Human (etiology), Influenza, Human (therapy), Male (MeSH), Middle Aged (MeSH), Odds Ratio (MeSH), Prevalence (MeSH), Risk Factors (MeSH), Smoking (adverse effects), Spain (epidemiology), Young Adult (MeSH).
- MESH :
- adverse effects : Smoking.
- epidemiology : Influenza, Human, Spain.
- etiology : Influenza, Human.
- statistics & numerical data : Hospitalization.
- therapy : Influenza, Human.
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Young Adult.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Smoking may facilitate influenza virus infections and their severity. The objective was to investigate the risk of hospitalization due to influenza in Spanish smokers and ex-smokers.
METHODS
We carried out a multicentre, case-control study in 2011. Cases [patients ≥ 18 years hospitalized > 24 h with real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed influenza] were selected from 29 Spanish hospitals. For each case, we selected an outpatient aged ≥ 18 years with RT-PCR-confirmed influenza matched by age (±5 years), date of hospitalization of the case (±10 days) and province of residence. We collected epidemiological variables, comorbidities and the smoking history. The risk of hospitalization due to smoking was determined by the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) using logistic regression.
RESULTS
We studied 471 hospitalized cases and 476 outpatient cases. Hospitalized cases had a higher frequency of influenza risk factors compared with outpatient cases. Hospitalized cases had a higher frequency of smoking (30.9% vs. 17.1%) and being ex-smokers (29.3% vs. 25.3%). Current smoking (aOR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.23-3.87) and being an ex-smoker (aOR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.07-2.82) were associated with the risk of hospitalization.
CONCLUSIONS
Smoking may increase the risk of hospitalization in smokers and ex-smokers when infected by the influenza virus. Smoking prevention could reduce hospitalizations. Influenza vaccination is recommended for smokers.
DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw036
PubMed: 27085194
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>IRBLleida. 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Andalusian Government, Sevilla, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Epidemiological Surveillance Service. 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Universidad de León, León, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones gen-ambiente-salud. Universidad de León, León</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>León</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Astray, Jenaro" sort="Astray, Jenaro" uniqKey="Astray J" first="Jenaro" last="Astray">Jenaro Astray</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Area of Epidemiology, Community of Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Area of Epidemiology, Community of Madrid</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Community of Madrid</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soldevila, Nuria" sort="Soldevila, Nuria" uniqKey="Soldevila N" first="Núria" last="Soldevila">Núria Soldevila</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Candelas, Fernando" sort="Gonzalez Candelas, Fernando" uniqKey="Gonzalez Candelas F" first="Fernando" last="González-Candelas">Fernando González-Candelas</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>FISABIO-CSISP, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>FISABIO-CSISP, University of Valencia, Valencia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Valencia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Castro, Ady" sort="Castro, Ady" uniqKey="Castro A" first="Ady" last="Castro">Ady Castro</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Respiratory Diseases, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baricot, Maretva" sort="Baricot, Maretva" uniqKey="Baricot M" first="Maretva" last="Baricot">Maretva Baricot</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tamames, Sonia" sort="Tamames, Sonia" uniqKey="Tamames S" first="Sonia" last="Tamames">Sonia Tamames</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Government of Castile and Leon, Valladolid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Ministry of Health, Government of Castile and Leon, Valladolid</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Valladolid</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alonso, Jordi" sort="Alonso, Jordi" uniqKey="Alonso J" first="Jordi" last="Alonso">Jordi Alonso</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>IMIM - Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>IMIM - Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galan, Juan C" sort="Galan, Juan C" uniqKey="Galan J" first="Juan C" last="Galán">Juan C. Galán</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quintana, Jose Maria" sort="Quintana, Jose Maria" uniqKey="Quintana J" first="José María" last="Quintana">José María Quintana</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Research Unit, Galdakao-Usansolo hospital, San Sebastian, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Unit, Galdakao-Usansolo hospital, San Sebastian</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>San Sebastian</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pumarola, Tomas" sort="Pumarola, Tomas" uniqKey="Pumarola T" first="Tomás" last="Pumarola">Tomás Pumarola</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dominguez, Angela" sort="Dominguez, Angela" uniqKey="Dominguez A" first="Angela" last="Domínguez">Angela Domínguez</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health. University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health. University of Barcelona, Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:27085194</idno><idno type="pmid">27085194</idno><idno type="doi">10.1093/eurpub/ckw036</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">00136</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">00136</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000136</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000136</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000136</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Smoking may increase the risk of hospitalization due to influenza.</title><author><name sortKey="Godoy, Pere" sort="Godoy, Pere" uniqKey="Godoy P" first="Pere" last="Godoy">Pere Godoy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Health, Generalitat of Catalonia, Lleida, Spain pere.godoy@gencat.cat.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Health, Generalitat of Catalonia, Lleida</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lleida</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>IRBLleida. University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>IRBLleida. University of Lleida, Lleida</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lleida</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Castilla, Jesus" sort="Castilla, Jesus" uniqKey="Castilla J" first="Jesús" last="Castilla">Jesús Castilla</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Institute, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Institute, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Pamplona</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mayoral, Jose Maria" sort="Mayoral, Jose Maria" uniqKey="Mayoral J" first="José María" last="Mayoral">José María Mayoral</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Epidemiological Surveillance Service. Andalusian Government, Sevilla, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Epidemiological Surveillance Service. Andalusian Government, Sevilla</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sevilla</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Delgado Rodriguez, Miguel" sort="Delgado Rodriguez, Miguel" uniqKey="Delgado Rodriguez M" first="Miguel" last="Delgado-Rodríguez">Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University of Jaen, Jaén, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Jaen, Jaén</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Jaén</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, Vicente" sort="Martin, Vicente" uniqKey="Martin V" first="Vicente" last="Martín">Vicente Martín</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones gen-ambiente-salud. Universidad de León, León, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones gen-ambiente-salud. Universidad de León, León</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>León</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Astray, Jenaro" sort="Astray, Jenaro" uniqKey="Astray J" first="Jenaro" last="Astray">Jenaro Astray</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Area of Epidemiology, Community of Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Area of Epidemiology, Community of Madrid</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Community of Madrid</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soldevila, Nuria" sort="Soldevila, Nuria" uniqKey="Soldevila N" first="Núria" last="Soldevila">Núria Soldevila</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez Candelas, Fernando" sort="Gonzalez Candelas, Fernando" uniqKey="Gonzalez Candelas F" first="Fernando" last="González-Candelas">Fernando González-Candelas</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>FISABIO-CSISP, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>FISABIO-CSISP, University of Valencia, Valencia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Valencia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Castro, Ady" sort="Castro, Ady" uniqKey="Castro A" first="Ady" last="Castro">Ady Castro</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Respiratory Diseases, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baricot, Maretva" sort="Baricot, Maretva" uniqKey="Baricot M" first="Maretva" last="Baricot">Maretva Baricot</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tamames, Sonia" sort="Tamames, Sonia" uniqKey="Tamames S" first="Sonia" last="Tamames">Sonia Tamames</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Ministry of Health, Government of Castile and Leon, Valladolid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Ministry of Health, Government of Castile and Leon, Valladolid</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Valladolid</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alonso, Jordi" sort="Alonso, Jordi" uniqKey="Alonso J" first="Jordi" last="Alonso">Jordi Alonso</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>IMIM - Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>IMIM - Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galan, Juan C" sort="Galan, Juan C" uniqKey="Galan J" first="Juan C" last="Galán">Juan C. Galán</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quintana, Jose Maria" sort="Quintana, Jose Maria" uniqKey="Quintana J" first="José María" last="Quintana">José María Quintana</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Research Unit, Galdakao-Usansolo hospital, San Sebastian, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Unit, Galdakao-Usansolo hospital, San Sebastian</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>San Sebastian</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pumarola, Tomas" sort="Pumarola, Tomas" uniqKey="Pumarola T" first="Tomás" last="Pumarola">Tomás Pumarola</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dominguez, Angela" sort="Dominguez, Angela" uniqKey="Dominguez A" first="Angela" last="Domínguez">Angela Domínguez</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Madrid</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Communauté de Madrid</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Public Health. University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Public Health. University of Barcelona, Barcelona</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Barcelone</settlement><region nuts="2" type="region">Catalogne</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">European journal of public health</title><idno type="eISSN">1464-360X</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term><term>Adult (MeSH)</term><term>Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Aged, 80 and over (MeSH)</term><term>Case-Control Studies (MeSH)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>Hospitalization (statistics & numerical data)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Influenza, Human (epidemiology)</term><term>Influenza, Human (etiology)</term><term>Influenza, Human (therapy)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Middle Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Odds Ratio (MeSH)</term><term>Prevalence (MeSH)</term><term>Risk Factors (MeSH)</term><term>Smoking (adverse effects)</term><term>Spain (epidemiology)</term><term>Young Adult (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term><term>Adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH)</term><term>Espagne (épidémiologie)</term><term>Facteurs de risque (MeSH)</term><term>Femelle (MeSH)</term><term>Fumer (effets indésirables)</term><term>Grippe humaine (thérapie)</term><term>Grippe humaine (épidémiologie)</term><term>Grippe humaine (étiologie)</term><term>Hospitalisation (statistiques et données numériques)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Jeune adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Mâle (MeSH)</term><term>Odds ratio (MeSH)</term><term>Prévalence (MeSH)</term><term>Sujet âgé (MeSH)</term><term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus (MeSH)</term><term>Études cas-témoins (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="adverse effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Smoking</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="effets indésirables" xml:lang="fr"><term>Fumer</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term><term>Spain</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistics & numerical data" xml:lang="en"><term>Hospitalization</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistiques et données numériques" xml:lang="fr"><term>Hospitalisation</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="thérapie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grippe humaine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Espagne</term><term>Grippe humaine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="étiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grippe humaine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Case-Control Studies</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Odds Ratio</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Risk Factors</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Facteurs de risque</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Odds ratio</term><term>Prévalence</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term><term>Études cas-témoins</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b></p><p>Smoking may facilitate influenza virus infections and their severity. The objective was to investigate the risk of hospitalization due to influenza in Spanish smokers and ex-smokers.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>We carried out a multicentre, case-control study in 2011. Cases [patients ≥ 18 years hospitalized > 24 h with real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed influenza] were selected from 29 Spanish hospitals. For each case, we selected an outpatient aged ≥ 18 years with RT-PCR-confirmed influenza matched by age (±5 years), date of hospitalization of the case (±10 days) and province of residence. We collected epidemiological variables, comorbidities and the smoking history. The risk of hospitalization due to smoking was determined by the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) using logistic regression.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>We studied 471 hospitalized cases and 476 outpatient cases. Hospitalized cases had a higher frequency of influenza risk factors compared with outpatient cases. Hospitalized cases had a higher frequency of smoking (30.9% vs. 17.1%) and being ex-smokers (29.3% vs. 25.3%). Current smoking (aOR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.23-3.87) and being an ex-smoker (aOR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.07-2.82) were associated with the risk of hospitalization.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>Smoking may increase the risk of hospitalization in smokers and ex-smokers when infected by the influenza virus. Smoking prevention could reduce hospitalizations. Influenza vaccination is recommended for smokers.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27085194</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2018</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>29</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>20</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1464-360X</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>26</Volume><Issue>5</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>European journal of public health</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Eur J Public Health</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Smoking may increase the risk of hospitalization due to influenza.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>882-887</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND">Smoking may facilitate influenza virus infections and their severity. The objective was to investigate the risk of hospitalization due to influenza in Spanish smokers and ex-smokers.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS">We carried out a multicentre, case-control study in 2011. Cases [patients ≥ 18 years hospitalized > 24 h with real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed influenza] were selected from 29 Spanish hospitals. For each case, we selected an outpatient aged ≥ 18 years with RT-PCR-confirmed influenza matched by age (±5 years), date of hospitalization of the case (±10 days) and province of residence. We collected epidemiological variables, comorbidities and the smoking history. The risk of hospitalization due to smoking was determined by the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) using logistic regression.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS">We studied 471 hospitalized cases and 476 outpatient cases. Hospitalized cases had a higher frequency of influenza risk factors compared with outpatient cases. Hospitalized cases had a higher frequency of smoking (30.9% vs. 17.1%) and being ex-smokers (29.3% vs. 25.3%). Current smoking (aOR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.23-3.87) and being an ex-smoker (aOR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.07-2.82) were associated with the risk of hospitalization.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS">Smoking may increase the risk of hospitalization in smokers and ex-smokers when infected by the influenza virus. Smoking prevention could reduce hospitalizations. Influenza vaccination is recommended for smokers.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Godoy</LastName><ForeName>Pere</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Health, Generalitat of Catalonia, Lleida, Spain pere.godoy@gencat.cat.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>IRBLleida. University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Castilla</LastName><ForeName>Jesús</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Institute, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mayoral</LastName><ForeName>José María</ForeName><Initials>JM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Epidemiological Surveillance Service. Andalusian Government, Sevilla, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Delgado-Rodríguez</LastName><ForeName>Miguel</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Jaen, Jaén, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Martín</LastName><ForeName>Vicente</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones gen-ambiente-salud. Universidad de León, León, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Astray</LastName><ForeName>Jenaro</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Area of Epidemiology, Community of Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Soldevila</LastName><ForeName>Núria</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>González-Candelas</LastName><ForeName>Fernando</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>FISABIO-CSISP, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Castro</LastName><ForeName>Ady</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CIBER Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Baricot</LastName><ForeName>Maretva</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tamames</LastName><ForeName>Sonia</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Ministry of Health, Government of Castile and Leon, Valladolid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Alonso</LastName><ForeName>Jordi</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>IMIM - Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Galán</LastName><ForeName>Juan C</ForeName><Initials>JC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Quintana</LastName><ForeName>José María</ForeName><Initials>JM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Research Unit, Galdakao-Usansolo hospital, San Sebastian, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pumarola</LastName><ForeName>Tomás</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases, Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Domínguez</LastName><ForeName>Angela</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Public Health. University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>CIBERESP Cases and Controls in Pandemic Influenza Working Group, Spain</CollectiveName></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D003160">Comparative Study</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016448">Multicenter Study</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>16</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Eur J Public Health</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9204966</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1101-1262</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000293" MajorTopicYN="N">Adolescent</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000369" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged, 80 and over</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016022" MajorTopicYN="N">Case-Control Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006760" MajorTopicYN="N">Hospitalization</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000706" MajorTopicYN="Y">statistics & numerical data</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007251" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza, Human</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000209" MajorTopicYN="Y">etiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000628" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapy</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016017" MajorTopicYN="N">Odds Ratio</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015995" MajorTopicYN="N">Prevalence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012907" MajorTopicYN="N">Smoking</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000009" MajorTopicYN="Y">adverse effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013030" MajorTopicYN="N">Spain</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055815" MajorTopicYN="N">Young Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>17</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2018</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>17</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27085194</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">ckw036</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1093/eurpub/ckw036</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Autriche</li><li>Espagne</li></country><region><li>Catalogne</li><li>Communauté de Madrid</li></region><settlement><li>Barcelone</li><li>Madrid</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Autriche"><noRegion><name sortKey="Godoy, Pere" sort="Godoy, Pere" uniqKey="Godoy P" first="Pere" last="Godoy">Pere Godoy</name></noRegion></country><country name="Espagne"><region name="Communauté de Madrid"><name sortKey="Godoy, Pere" sort="Godoy, Pere" uniqKey="Godoy P" first="Pere" last="Godoy">Pere Godoy</name></region><name sortKey="Alonso, Jordi" sort="Alonso, Jordi" uniqKey="Alonso J" first="Jordi" last="Alonso">Jordi Alonso</name><name sortKey="Alonso, Jordi" sort="Alonso, Jordi" uniqKey="Alonso J" first="Jordi" last="Alonso">Jordi Alonso</name><name sortKey="Astray, Jenaro" sort="Astray, Jenaro" uniqKey="Astray J" first="Jenaro" last="Astray">Jenaro Astray</name><name sortKey="Baricot, Maretva" sort="Baricot, Maretva" uniqKey="Baricot M" first="Maretva" last="Baricot">Maretva Baricot</name><name sortKey="Castilla, Jesus" sort="Castilla, Jesus" uniqKey="Castilla J" first="Jesús" last="Castilla">Jesús Castilla</name><name sortKey="Castilla, Jesus" sort="Castilla, Jesus" uniqKey="Castilla J" first="Jesús" last="Castilla">Jesús Castilla</name><name sortKey="Castro, Ady" sort="Castro, Ady" uniqKey="Castro A" first="Ady" last="Castro">Ady Castro</name><name sortKey="Delgado Rodriguez, Miguel" sort="Delgado Rodriguez, Miguel" uniqKey="Delgado Rodriguez M" first="Miguel" last="Delgado-Rodríguez">Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez</name><name sortKey="Delgado Rodriguez, Miguel" sort="Delgado Rodriguez, Miguel" uniqKey="Delgado Rodriguez M" first="Miguel" last="Delgado-Rodríguez">Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez</name><name sortKey="Dominguez, Angela" sort="Dominguez, Angela" uniqKey="Dominguez A" first="Angela" last="Domínguez">Angela Domínguez</name><name sortKey="Dominguez, Angela" sort="Dominguez, Angela" uniqKey="Dominguez A" first="Angela" last="Domínguez">Angela Domínguez</name><name sortKey="Galan, Juan C" sort="Galan, Juan C" uniqKey="Galan J" first="Juan C" last="Galán">Juan C. Galán</name><name sortKey="Galan, Juan C" sort="Galan, Juan C" uniqKey="Galan J" first="Juan C" last="Galán">Juan C. Galán</name><name sortKey="Godoy, Pere" sort="Godoy, Pere" uniqKey="Godoy P" first="Pere" last="Godoy">Pere Godoy</name><name sortKey="Gonzalez Candelas, Fernando" sort="Gonzalez Candelas, Fernando" uniqKey="Gonzalez Candelas F" first="Fernando" last="González-Candelas">Fernando González-Candelas</name><name sortKey="Gonzalez Candelas, Fernando" sort="Gonzalez Candelas, Fernando" uniqKey="Gonzalez Candelas F" first="Fernando" last="González-Candelas">Fernando González-Candelas</name><name sortKey="Martin, Vicente" sort="Martin, Vicente" uniqKey="Martin V" first="Vicente" last="Martín">Vicente Martín</name><name sortKey="Martin, Vicente" sort="Martin, Vicente" uniqKey="Martin V" first="Vicente" last="Martín">Vicente Martín</name><name sortKey="Mayoral, Jose Maria" sort="Mayoral, Jose Maria" uniqKey="Mayoral J" first="José María" last="Mayoral">José María Mayoral</name><name sortKey="Pumarola, Tomas" sort="Pumarola, Tomas" uniqKey="Pumarola T" first="Tomás" last="Pumarola">Tomás Pumarola</name><name sortKey="Quintana, Jose Maria" sort="Quintana, Jose Maria" uniqKey="Quintana J" first="José María" last="Quintana">José María Quintana</name><name sortKey="Quintana, Jose Maria" sort="Quintana, Jose Maria" uniqKey="Quintana J" first="José María" last="Quintana">José María Quintana</name><name sortKey="Soldevila, Nuria" sort="Soldevila, Nuria" uniqKey="Soldevila N" first="Núria" last="Soldevila">Núria Soldevila</name><name sortKey="Tamames, Sonia" sort="Tamames, Sonia" uniqKey="Tamames S" first="Sonia" last="Tamames">Sonia Tamames</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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|texte= Smoking may increase the risk of hospitalization due to influenza.
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